Kidney stones

Kidney Stones

 Kidney stones are a common but painful medical condition that affects many people. These tiny, hard crystals form in the kidneys and can cause severe pain as they pass through the urinary tract. They can come in a variety of shapes and sizes and can be made from several different types of materials. Generally, these stones are caused by an balanced urine pH level, dehydration, or a diet high in oxalates.

The most common symptom: 

The most common symptom of kidney stones is severe pain in the lower back, abdomen or groin. This pain can range from mild to very severe and often comes in waves that vary in intensity. This pain may also be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, fever or chills. The pain can get worse each time the stone passes and can be very debilitating. Other symptoms may include pink, red, or brown urine, cloudy urine, frequent urges to urinate, or difficulty urinating.

Treatment for kidney stones varies depending on their size and location. When the stones are small enough, they can pass through the affected area in the urinary tract. If the stones are larger, your doctor may suggest breaking them up with shock waves, a laser, or using a medical procedure to extract them. They may also use medications to help break up the stones and make them easier to pass. For particularly large or painful stones, the doctor may recommend surgery.Prevention of kidney stones is usually focused on lifestyle changes. Drinking plenty of water is important to keep your urine diluted and prevent urinary stones. Reducing your intake of salt, protein and calcium-rich foods can also be beneficial. For some, avoiding foods rich in oxalates, such as spinach and peanuts, may reduce the risk of stones. Certain medications can help manage certain types of stones, and some doctors may recommend vitamins to boost the immune system and improve urinary health.

In conclusion, kidney stones are a painful but common medical condition. They are caused by an unbalanced diet or lifestyle and can cause severe pain when passing through the urinary tract. Treatments range from medications to surgery, and prevention includes drinking plenty of water, limiting salt and high oxalate foods, and taking prescription medications or vitamins. By taking preventative measures, those who experience the painful effects of kidney stones can reduce their risk of recurrence.

What are Hand Surgeons?

  

What are Hand Surgeons?

 There is a unique and delicate relationship between all the structures of our hands. An injury or disease affecting one of the bones, ligaments, tendons, nerves, skin, joints, or blood vessels can completely limit the use of our hands, wrists, wrists, and even elbows. Knowing the many purposes we serve, such as eating, dressing, and doing our jobs, can be disabling and frustrating when trauma occurs. Injuries can be caused by work-related accidents or repetitive strain injuries to the fingers and extremities. If the pain is too much to engage in hobbies or spend time doing normal daily activities, it's time to seek medical attention from a hand surgeon.

About 16 million people in the United States are treated for punch-related injuries each year. These hand surgeons must receive an more year of specialized training also to their certification in orthopedic surgery, plastic surgery, and general surgery. The need for specialized medical training dates back to World War II, when many soldiers suffered hand-related injuries and required more training from military surgeons. So far, wounds and injuries are rarely treated due to lack of proper care

Many of these doctors are experienced in working with problems related to the arms, shoulders and elbows. This is a common disease that doctors treat

- Injuries related to sports and wrists

- Fractures in wrists and ankles

- Tennis elbow

- Amputation

- Forming fingers from toes and other joints

- Carpal tunnel syndrome

- Arthritis such as wrist and elbow

- Hand and arm parts

- Swelling that causes rash, pain and insomnia

- Injury to nerves and tendons

- Congenital malformations (birth defects)

A common misconception is that this area is related to surgery. Hand surgeons try to treat patients without surgery and often recommend non-surgical treatments such as splints, physical therapy, injections, ice therapy, rest, and medication. If surgery is required, it can be performed under general or regional anesthesia. More than 90 percent of these procedures are performed under local anesthesia, where you receive an injection in the arm or upper chest. Delay in diagnosis and treatment can lead to reduced mobility and even long-term disability. The severity of this injury means that you should see a doctor if you experience pain or discomfort in one of the lower extremities.

Although there is a high demand for these doctors, it is not an attractive field of surgery. For recently graduated medical students, the best way to get a job as a hand surgeon is by working in a relevant medical environment. Besides, experience often leads to a secure position in the field because the candidate already has an understanding of the field. These doctors work in private practice or in hospitals or clinics.